Macro-element imbalance in nutrition of children of adolescent

Abstract

Insufficient consumption of macro- and micronutrients leads to lag of children in physical, neuropsychic development, increased morbidity. In the study, based on a hygienic assessment of actual nutrition, 1 200 students of 10-12 years old (620 boys and 580 girls) studying in 9 schools and 9 gymnasiums of Minsk, using theoretical and laboratory methods studied the intake of macronutrients with food. A reduced, in relation to physiological needs, average daily calcium intake was found in 53.5% of students. Half of the examined children with a diet receive a greater amount of magnesium and phosphorus compared to their physiological need, which adversely affects the ratio of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium and can be an unfavorable factor contributing to a decrease in the level of calcium absorption. An excess of potassium and sodium intake in Minsk students was found in 92.7 and 100.0% of diets. The actual intake of sodium with the diet is two times higher than similar estimates.