Influence of meteorological conditions of the year on changes in the chemical composition of linseed seeds

Abstract

One of the priorities of the policy of any state is to ensure a high quality of life for the population. Flax seeds and their derivatives can be used as a functional ingredient in fortified foods. The article analyzes the change in the chemical composition of linseed seeds depending on the meteorological conditions of the cultivation period. Thus, in the seeds of the 2021 crop, a lower oil content and a higher protein content were noted — 33.4 and 22.3%, respectively. The study of the fatty acid composition revealed an increase in the content of stearic (from 3.0% to 3.8%), oleic (from 12.4% to 18.7%) and linoleic (from 15.6% to 18.5%) acids in oil of all studied varieties of the 2021 harvest with a decrease in the content of a-linolenic acid (from 63.7% to 53.6%). Stable over the years of the study, strong direct correlations were noted between the content of linoleic and palmitic acids (r=0.801), reverse — between the content of linoleic and a-linolenic acids (r=-0.970). According to the results of two years of research, varieties with consistently high levels of oil content and a-linolenic acid — Salyut, and the content of protein, fiber and a-linolenic acid — Bonus were selected.